Pasco OS-8523 SLIT ACCESSORY Manuel d'utilisateur télécharger pdf (Page 16)

012-05880D Slit Accessory

Figure 3.1: Single Slit Diffraction Pattern

screen

slit

EQUIPMENT REQUIRED

– track and screen from the Basic Optics System (OS-8515)

– Diode Laser (OS-8525)

– Single and Multiple Slit Disks (OS-8523)

– white paper to cover screen

Purpose

The purpose of this experiment is to compare the diffraction and interference patterns

formed by laser light passing through various combinations of slits.

Theory

When diffraction of light occurs as it passes through a slit, the angle to the minima in the

diffraction pattern is given by

a sin

= m

(m =1,2,3,…)

where a is the slit width,

is the angle from the

center of the pattern to the mth minimum,

is the

wavelength of the light, and m is the order (1 for

the first minimum, 2 for the second minimum, . .

. counting from the center out). See Figure 3.1.

When light passes through two slits, the two light

rays emerging from the slits interfere with each

other and produce interference fringes. The angle

to the maxima (bright fringes) in the interference

pattern is given by

d sin

= m

(m = 0, 1, 2 , 3,...)

where d is the slit separation,

is the angle from

the center of the pattern to the mth maximum,

is the wavelength of the light, and m is the or-

der (0 for the central maximum, 1 for the first

side

maximum, 2 for the second side maximum, . . .

counting from the center out). See Figure 3.2.

Setup

➀ Set up the laser at one end of the optics bench

and place the Multiple Slit Disk in its holder

about 3 cm in front of the laser. See Figure 3.3.

m = 2

m = 1

m = 2

m = 1

diffraction envelope

slit

screen

Figure 3.2: Interference Fringes

m = 0

m = 5

m = 1

m = 2

m = 3

m = 4

Experiment 3: Comparisons of Diffraction and Interference Patterns

1 2 ... 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

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Pasco OS-8523 SLIT ACCESSORY Manuel d'utilisateur Page 16

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