012-05443A Thermal Efficiency Apparatus
i
Table of Contents
Copyright, Warranty and Equipment Return...................................................ii
Introduction .....................................................................................................1
Quick Start.......................................................................................................2
Theory .............................................................................................................3
HEAT ENGINE:
Introduction ...............................................................................................3
Actual Efficiency.......................................................................................3
Carnot Efficiency.......................................................................................3
Adjusted Efficiency ...................................................................................3
HEAT PUMP (REFRIGERATOR):
Introduction ...............................................................................................4
Actual Coefficient of Performance............................................................4
Maximum Coefficient of Performance......................................................4
Adjusted Coefficient of Performance ........................................................4
MEASUREMENTS USING THE THERMAL EFFICIENCY APPARATUS:
Direct Measurements.................................................................................5
Temperatures .......................................................................................5
Power Delivered to the Hot Reservoir (P
H
) .........................................6
Power Dissipated by the Load Resistor (P
W
).......................................6
Indirect Measurements ..............................................................................6
Internal Resistance...............................................................................6
Heat Conduction and Radiation...........................................................6
Heat Pumped from the Cold Reservoir................................................7
EXPERIMENTS:
1 — Heat Engine and Temperature Difference .........................................9
2 — Heat Engine Efficiency (Detailed Study) .........................................13
3 — Heat Pump Coefficient of Performance............................................17
4 — Thermal Conductivity.......................................................................20
5 — Load for Optimum Performance.......................................................21
Teacher’s Guide..............................................................................................25
Technical Support................................................................. Inside Back Cover
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