Pasco Xplorer-GLX Users’ Guide Manuel d'utilisateur

012-08950FUsers’ Guide• Using the Xplorer GLX Standalone• Using the Xplorer GLX with a Computer• Sample ActivitiesNew Features:• File storage on USB f

4 Included EquipmentIncluded EquipmentBCADEFGHA) GLX Users’ GuideB) Xplorer GLXC) AC Power AdapterD) Registration CardE) Getting Started with the Xplo

94 Battery and PowerWhile charging, the GLX monitors its own temperature to prevent overheating. The maximum recommended ambient temperature for char

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 95Manual Internal DisconnectionIf you anticipate that your GLX will be left unused and unplugged for more than a month, manu

96 ResettingWhen the battery’s capacity begins to decrease, it will continue to function, but it will require more frequent recharging, and the maximu

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 973. Connect the GLX to a computer running DataStudio to re-install sensor data sheets.Follow these steps to reset system se

98 Operating Temperature

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 99Chapter 6: Using the Xplorer GLXwith a ComputerThe GLX can be connected to a computer1 to transfer files, to collect data

100 GLX with DataStudioTransferring FilesGLX File ManagerIf DataStudio detects a GLX with new files saved on it, it automatically opens the GLX File M

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 101to select a folder on your computer and a file name for the downloaded copy of the file.GLX files saved on your computer’

102 GLX with DataStudioDataStudio, the file is translated into a DataStudio file. Most components of the GLX file, listed below, appear in the new Dat

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 103GLX SimulatorWhen you install DataStudio version 1.9.5 (or later) on a Windows computer, a second piece of software, the

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 5Quick StartGetting started with the GLX is easy—simply plug in the AC adapter, connect one of the included sensors, and col

104 GLX SimulatorSimulated data from the Virtual Motion SensorScreen CaptureClick the Copy Screen button to copy an image of the Simulator’s screen to

Part 2:Sample ActivitiesThe following pages contain step-by-step instructions for science activities and experiments that can be done with the GLX, it

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 107Activity 1: CalorimetryBackgroundIn this experiment, you will add a hot piece of metal to room-temperature water and meas

108 CalorimetryGLX Set-Up1. Connect the temperature probes.1a) Connect the probe in Cup 1 to one of the temperature ports on the left side of the GLX.

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 1092. Create a new graph page showing only the temperature in Cup 2 versus time.a) Press to open the Graphs menu; press

110 Calorimetry

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 111Activity 2: Melting Point DepressionBackground How does the addition of salt affect the melting point of a solution? In t

112 Melting Point DepressionProcedure1. Remove the frozen solutions from the freezer.2. Connect the temperature probes.a) Connect the temperature pro

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 113Activity 3: Heat Transfer by RadiationBackgroundYou may have observed that dark objects heat up faster than light-colored

6 Overview of the GLXTo stop data recording, press again.You have just collected and graphed a run of temperature data. To collect addi-tional data

114 Heat Transfer by Radiation2. Set the sampling periods of both probes to 10 seconds.a) Press to return to the Home Screen; press to open the S

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 115Activity 4: Newton’s Law of CoolingBackgroundNewton’s Law of Cooling states that the rate of temperature change of a body

116 Newton’s Law of CoolingProcedureEquipment Set-Up1. Place the end of a fast-response temperature probe in the test tube, then fill the test tube a

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 117e) Press to accept the changes and return to the Sensors screen.4. Connect the second sensor to the GLX.Connect the tem

118 Newton’s Law of CoolingAnalysisObserve the graph of Object Temperature versus time and Air Temperature ver-sus Time. If the experiment were allow

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 1195. Create a calculation for ln(r/r0)a) Press to return to the Home Screen; press to open the Calcu-lator.b) On a blan

120 Newton’s Law of Coolingc) To insert the function e^, press to open the Functions menu, use the arrow keys to highlight e^, and press .Also ope

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 121Activity 5: Microclimate TemperatureVariationBackgroundIn this activity, you will measure and record the air temperature

122 Microclimate Temperature Variationc) Press the down arrow key to highlight Manual and press .d) The Data Properties window will open with the Mea

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 123Activity 6: Voltage versus ResistanceBackgroundIn this experiment, you will construct the circuit pictured to the right a

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 7the GLX. Do not connect a voltage source until after the probe is connected to the GLX; remove any voltage sources before d

124 Voltage versus Resistance2. Lay out the circuit on a piece of paper so you can label the parts of the cir-cuit. Label points A through F and the

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 125Graph prepared to plot V vs. rData Collection1. Press . The GLX is now measuring voltage, but it is not recording data.2

126 Voltage versus Resistance

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 127Activity 7: Induced Electromotive ForceBackgroundWhen a permanent magnet passes through a coil, the changing magnetic flu

128 Induced Electromotive ForceGLX Set-Up1. Connect the voltage probe to the GLX.a) Connect the voltage probe to the voltage port on the left side of

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 129b) Use the left and right arrow keys to move the right side of the dashed box to the right side of the first peak.c) Hold

130 Induced Electromotive Force

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 131Activity 8: Capacitor DischargeBackgroundIn the circuit pictured above, the rate at which the voltage, V, decreases is di

132 Capacitor Discharge4. When the GLX asks if you would like to save the previous file, press to save or not to save.ProcedureEquipment Set-Up1.

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 133AnalysisFrom Equation 2, it is apparent that, on a graph of ln(V⁄V0) versus t, the slope would equal −τ. In this analysis

8 Overview of the GLXAuto Power OffTimed Auto Power Off If it is running on battery power, the GLX will auto-matically save your data and shut down a

134 Capacitor Discharge3. Make a graph of ln(V⁄V0) versus t.a) Press to return to the Home Screen; press to open the Graph display.b) Press to o

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 135Activity 9: Constructive and DestructiveInterferenceBackgroundWhen two sound waves with identical frequencies and amplitu

136 Constructive and Destructive Interference8. Press to turn on the Left Output Channel. How does the addition of the Left Output wave affect the

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 137Activity 10:Beat FrequencyBackgroundWhen two sound waves with slightly different frequencies combine, the pattern of inte

138 Beat FrequencyData Collection1. Press and to turn on the Left and Right Output Channels. Describe what you hear.2. In the chart on the next pa

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 13912. While viewing the Output Screen, press and to turn off both out-put channels.Analysis1. For each line of the char

140 Beat Frequency

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 141IndexAabs function 51AC power 6Analog Adapter 59and() function 52Annotation 25Area Tool 20Audio notes 25Audio output 39,

142 IndexMultipress text input 90NName of GLX 85New PageGraph 24Notes 53not() function 52Note Editor dialog box 27Notes (data annotation) 25Notes scre

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 143Shortcut SummaryThese keys and key combinations work from any screen in the GLX environment.Use these shortcuts when work

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 9recording, you must press and hold until you hear three beeps again. Data recording will stop when you release .Alternati

PASCO scientificXplorerGLX Font SoftwarePRODUCT LICENCE AGREEMENTRead this license agreement carefully before signing it. You may use this PASCO Produ

10 Overview of the GLXDigits This screen is useful for displaying live data as they are collected from sensors and calculations. Up to six data sourc

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 11Top BarThe Top Bar is the part of the Home Screen that is always visible from anywhere in the GLX environment. It shows th

12 Overview of the GLX

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 13Chapter 1: DisplaysThe GLX has four screens for displaying data: Graph, Table, Digits, and Meter. This chapter will descri

About this GuideThe Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide is divided into two parts.Part 1 contains detailed information about operating the GLX, including descrip

14 GraphActive FieldsActive fields of the GraphActive fields are the areas on the Graph (and other display screens) through which you control what dat

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 15Choosing Data to DisplayData Source A graph is generated from two data sources: one on the vertical axis and one on the ho

16 GraphIn normal mode, one data set is displayed at a time. See “Two Runs” on page 24 for instructions on displaying two runs simultaneously.The next

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 17In Scale mode, the left and right arrow keys compress and stretch the Graph hor-izontally; the up and down arrow keys stre

18 GraphWhen you select a tool from the Tools menu,3 a check mark ( ) appears next to it. To turn off a tool, select it from the menu again, which rem

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 19Slope Tool Select the Slope Tool from the Tools menu to measure the slope of a tangent line at one point on the data plot.

20 GraphWhen the Linear Fit is turned on, the special option Create Calculation from Lin-ear Fit appears in the Tools menu (see page 22).Linear Fit ca

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 21The Trigger affects data recording even if you are not viewing the Graph. If you have set up two or more triggers on separ

22 Graphand other tools are applied. In cases where the two data sets are scaled separately, the active that is scaled.To toggle data without opening

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 23After you press , the GLX begins collecting and displaying a series of data bursts (each burst is enough data fill the Gr

How to Store the Even when the screen is blank, the GLX is active: it powers its memory, it periodically checks its battery, and it monitors its keypa

24 GraphTypically you would use Two Measurements mode to display data from two different sources, but you can also use it to display two runs from the

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 25Print If there is a printer connected to the GLX, select Print from the Graphs menu to print the currently displayed graph

26 GraphA note with the Data Cursor positioned on itTo make the Data Cursor jump directly to a note, hold and press one of the arrow keys. Press p

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 27Note Editor Dialog BoxNote Editor Dialog BoxThe Note Editor opens when you select Edit Note from the Annotation menu. The

28 TableTableUse the Table to display data, edit or enter data manually, and display statistics on data sets. The Table can show up to four columns of

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 29If the chosen data source does not contain data, the data source name will appear at the top of the column, but the cells

30 TableThe chosen statistics will be displayed at the bottom of every column. To choose a statistic, select it from the menu.22 To turn off a display

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 31F4 TablesFrom the Tables menu, you can select to display one, two, three, or four col-umns.24 If you increase the number o

32 Tableof one column will cause all of them to change.26 To turn Lock Run Selection off or on, select it from the Tables menu.Export All Data If you

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 33Entering Numeric Data In a New Column In the new editable column, you will see a box around the first cell and a blinking

34 TableNaming Manually Entered Data and Adding UnitsBy default, new editable data sets are named “Data 1,” “Data 2,” etc., and they do not have defin

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 35Position the Navigating Box on a cell where you would like to enter or edit data, then press to make the Editing Box app

36 TableGraphing Manually Entered DataNumeric Data After you have created an editable numeric data set in the Table, you can display it in the Graph.

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 37Digits DisplayUse the Digits display to show data from up to eight data sources. This display monitors and shows live data

38 MeterMeterThe Meter display simulates an analog meter with a needle that deflects in pro-portion to a sensor measurement or sensor-based calculatio

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 39Chapter 2: Utility ScreensThis chapter describes the Output screen, Calculator, Notes screen, and Stopwatch.OutputThe Outp

40 OutputOutput Settings1Output DeviceHighlight the Output control and press to select the output device that you are using.Headphones Select this o

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 41CalculatorYou can use the GLX Calculator like a regular calculator for finding the result of a simple expression, like a g

42 Calculator• Press the up arrow key to put the cursor back on the above expression and modify it to read:When you type something into the middle of

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 43When there is more than one definition for the same symbol, the calculator uses the first definition. To avoid confusion,

ContentsPart 1:Users’ GuideIntroduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Included Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Quick Star

44 Calculator• A symbol does not have to be a single letter. The Calculator will recognize any text string (without spaces) as a symbol, including tex

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 45See “Data Source” on page 15 for more information about selecting data in the Graph.• You don’t have to use x as the undef

46 Calculator• Open the calculator. On the first blank line, enter:9°Instead of typing “[Temperature (°C)]”, select it from the [Data] menu.10Open the

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 47Plot the calculation on the horizontal axis in place of Time to create the graph shown below. (See page 28 for instruction

48 Calculator• The position versus time graph of an object in free fall (below right) exhibits a typical quadratic relationship. The object was droppe

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 49Special functions, output-control functions, and logic operators and functions are typically used to control the GLX’s dig

50 CalculatorF4 Edit MenuPress (or click Edit) to open the Edit menu, which contains the options described below.Num Lock When Num Lock is on (which

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 51Special FunctionsThese special functions do not directly control output, but can be useful in com-bination with the output

52 Calculatoroutputfreq(Channel, frequency) Use the outputfreq function to set the fre-quency of the audio output signal.18 The first argument, Channe

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 53Notes ScreenUse the Notes screen to record experiment instructions, information about the sensors and displays that you ha

54 StopwatchStopwatchWith the Stopwatch screen, you can use the GLX like a conventional stopwatch.To Open the StopwatchFrom the Home Screen, do one of

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 55Chapter 3: Settings and FilesSensors ScreenIn many cases, the sensor set-up process requires nothing more than simply plug

56 Sensors ScreenSensor SettingsTo change any of the settings, use the arrow keys to highlight the settings and press .If you are using a mouse, click

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 57Zero Automatically On Start This setting appears for sensors that support zeroing (such as acceleration, rotary motion, an

58 Sensors ScreenF3 MicrophoneThe Microphone menu contains options for setting how the GLX uses its built-in microphone. The selected option is indica

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 59F4 SensorsThe Sensors menu contains the following options for adding, removing, and cali-brating sensors.9Add Select this

60 Sensors ScreenManual Sampling ModeIn Manual Sampling mode, the GLX records a single sample from each measure-ment only when you trigger it by press

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 612. Press . The GLX starts measuring, but not recording. A blinking flag icon ( ) appears in the upper right-hand corner.

62 Timing ScreenTiming ScreenUse the Timing screen to set up measurements made with photogates, Smart Pul-leys and other switch- or counting-type sens

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 63measured from the start of data collection to the midpoint of the sequence. From these measurements and user-entered (or d

Part 1:Users’ Guide

64 Timing Screen4. Set Time in Gate and Velocity in Gate to “Visible.”5. Pretend that you have a cart with a 5 cm flag on it; set the Flag Length con-

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 65Position equal to the Band Spacing. Velocity and Acceleration are calculated based on the time intervals between the chang

66 Timing ScreenTime of Flight Use this timer with a projectile launcher, two photogates, and a Time-of-Flight Accessory.20 The constant, Photogate Sp

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 67If both carts are traveling in the same direction before the collision, one photo-gate will measure the initial velocity o

68 Timing ScreenGLX. The Add menu will open automatically; select Relay Control.22 Both ports of the adapter will be configured for Relay Control (tho

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 69Data PropertiesEvery data set and data source in the GLX has data properties, which control how the data are displayed in

70 Data PropertiesSee “Multipress Text Input Mode” on page 90 for instructions on using the keypad to enter text.Note that changing the name of the un

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 71CalibrationSome of the sensors that you use with the GLX can be calibrated in the Calibra-tion dialog box, which is access

72 CalibrationTwo points, Pt 1 and Pt 2, define the line. In the two-point calibration procedure, each point is reset by associating a known standard

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 73One-Point Offset In a one-point offset calibration, you reset only one point. The line shifts so that it intersects the ne

74 CalibrationThe top and bottom portions of the Calibration dialog boxSensor Field Highlight this field and press or to cycle through the calibra

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 75Because they are not needed, the fields for Pt 1 are hidden when the 1 Point Slope calibration type is selected, and the f

76 Calibration8. Press to read the sensor input value of Pt 1. Note that the Raw Input Measurement has been automatically entered into the Pt 1 Sens

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 776. Enter the value of the standard in the Standard Value field for Pt 2.7. Observe the Raw Input Measurement displayed nea

78 Data Files ScreenData Files ScreenCollected data, calculations, notes, display configurations, and sensor settings are all stored in the GLX’s mem

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 79For more information on the RAM and Flash data-storage locations, see page 82.Navigating in the File ListWhen the focus is

80 Data Files ScreenMouse NavigationIf you are using a mouse, click RAM or Flash to view the File List for each folder. Click the file or file compon

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 81If changes have been made to the current active file since it was last saved, a dia-log box will ask if you want to save t

82 Data Files ScreenRAM and FlashThe GLX has two types of memory for file storage: RAM and Flash, represented by two folders in the Data Files screen

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 83Using the GLX with a USB Storage DeviceIf you have a USB storage device34 (such as a USB flash drive), you can use it to a

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 3Introduction The Xplorer GLX is a data collection, graphing, and analysis tool designed for science students and educators.

84 Data Files ScreenGLX-to-GLX File TransferTo transfer files directly between two GLXs, connect the larger USB port of one GLX to the smaller USB po

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 85Settings ScreenSettings screenThe Settings screen contains the controls for how the GLX environment looks and acts.To Open

86 Settings ScreenBack Light From anywhere in the GLX environment, the easiest way to turn the screen’s back light on or off is to hold and press .

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 87Settings Screen Function KeysF1 Set Date and TimeThe date and time are set automatically when you connect the GLX to a com

88 Settings Screen

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 89Chapter 4: Navigation and InputData Source MenusThe axes of the Graph, the columns of the Table, the sections of the Digit

90 Multipress Text Input ModeAccessing Data PropertiesSelecting the Data Properties option from a data source menu opens the Data Properties dialog b

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 91Scientific NotationThe GLX displays very large and very small numbers using scientific notation. You can also input any nu

92 Printing

Xplorer GLX Users’ Guide 93Chapter 5: Hardware Maintenance andOperationFirmware UpdateFrom time to time, PASCO issues a free update to the firmware t