®Beginning Optics SystemOS-8459Instruction Manual withExperiment Guide andTeachers’ Notes012-09655AOptics Bench
®Beginning Optics System Experiment 2: Prism103. Rotate the rhombus until the angle (θ) of the emerging ray is as large as possible and the ray separa
®Model No. OS-8459 Experiment 3: Reflection11Experiment 3: ReflectionPurposeIn this experiment, you will study how rays are reflected from different
®Beginning Optics System Experiment 3: Reflection12the incoming and the outgoing rays and mark them with arrows in the appropriate directions.Question
®Model No. OS-8459 Experiment 4: Snell’s Law13Experiment 4: Snell’s LawPurposeThe purpose of this experiment is to determine the index of refraction
®Beginning Optics System Experiment 4: Snell’s Law147. On a new sheet of paper, repeat steps 2–6 with a different angle of incidence. Repeat these ste
®Model No. OS-8459 Experiment 5: Total Internal Reflection15Experiment 5: Total Internal ReflectionPurposeIn this experiment, you will determine the
®Beginning Optics System Experiment 5: Total Internal Reflection16Procedure1. Place the light source in ray-box mode on a sheet of white paper. Turn t
®Model No. OS-8459 Experiment 6: Convex and Concave Lenses17Experiment 6: Convex and Concave LensesPurposeIn this experiment, you will explore the di
®Beginning Optics System Experiment 6: Convex and Concave Lenses185. Nest the convex and concave lenses together and place them in the path of the par
®Model No. OS-8459 Experiment 7: Hollow Lens19Experiment 7: Hollow LensPurposeIn this experiment you will explore how the properties of a lens are re
Basic Optics System Table of ContentsContentsIntroduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
®Beginning Optics System Experiment 7: Hollow Lens20Repeat this step with water in different section of the lens to complete the first four rows of Ta
®Model No. OS-8459 Experiment 8: Lensmaker’s Equation21Experiment 8: Lensmaker’s EquationPurposeIn this experiment you will determine the focal lengt
®Beginning Optics System Experiment 8: Lensmaker’s Equation222. Trace around the surface of the lens and trace the incident and transmitted rays. Indi
®Model No. OS-8459 Experiment 9: Apparent Depth23Experiment 9: Apparent DepthPurposeIn this experiment, you will use two different methods to measure
®Beginning Optics System Experiment 9: Apparent Depth24Figure 9.22. With both eyes, look down through the top of the rhombus. Does the line viewed thr
®Model No. OS-8459 Experiment 9: Apparent Depth252. Mark the place on the paper where the two rays cross each other.3. Position the rhombus as shown
®Beginning Optics System Experiment 9: Apparent Depth26
®Model No. OS-8459 Experiment 10: Focal Length and Magnification of a Thin Lens27Experiment 10: Focal Length and Magnification of a Thin LensPurposeT
®Beginning Optics SystemExperiment 10: Focal Length and Magnification of a Thin Lens282. Use the Thin Lens Formula (Equation 10.1) to calculate the fo
®Model No. OS-8459 Experiment 10: Focal Length and Magnification of a Thin Lens293. For each intercept, calculate a value of f and record it in Table
Beginning Optics SystemOS-8459®3IntroductionThe PASCO Beginning Optics System contains the optics components you will need for a variety of experiment
®Beginning Optics SystemExperiment 10: Focal Length and Magnification of a Thin Lens302. Calculate the absolute value of M (for each of the two lens p
®Model No. OS-8459 Experiment 11: Telescope31Experiment 11: TelescopePurposeIn this experiment, you will construct a telescope and determine its magn
®Beginning Optics System Experiment 11: Telescope32end of the optics bench and place the screen on the other end (see Figure 11.2). Their exact positi
®Model No. OS-8459 Experiment 11: Telescope331. Measure do1, the distance from the object (paper pat-tern on screen) to the objective lens.2. Determi
®Beginning Optics System Experiment 11: Telescope34
®Model No. OS-8459 Experiment 12: Microscope35Experiment 12: MicroscopePurposeIn this experiment, you will construct a microscope and determine its m
®Beginning Optics System Experiment 12: Microscope36middle of the optics bench and place the screen near the end of the bench (see Figure 12.2).Figure
®Model No. OS-8459 Experiment 12: Microscope37Analysis To calculate the magnification complete the following steps and record the answers in Table 12
®Beginning Optics System Experiment 12: Microscope38
®Model No. OS-8459 Experiment 13: Shadows39Experiment 13: ShadowsPurposeThe purpose of this experiment is to show the umbra (darker part) and the pen
®Beginning Optics System About the Equipment 4About the EquipmentFor detailed information on the Light Source and Ray Optics Kit, see the instruction
®Beginning Optics System Experiment 13: Shadows40
®Model No. OS-8459 Telescope and Microscope Test Pattern 41Telescope and Microscope Test PatternAttach a copy of this pattern to the viewing screen f
®Beginning Optics System Telescope and Microscope Test Pattern 42
®Model No. OS-8459 Teacher’s Guide 43Teacher’s GuideExperiment 1: Color AdditionNote on procedure: Student’s expectation may differ from actual resul
®Beginning Optics System Teacher’s Guide 44Experiment 3: ReflectionPart 1, typical results:Part 1, answers to questions: 1. The angle of incidence and
®Model No. OS-8459 Teacher’s Guide 45Experiment 6: Convex and Concave LensesTypical results:(Step 5) When the lenses are nested together, parallel ra
®Beginning Optics System Teacher’s Guide 46Experiment 9: Apparent DepthTypical results:Typical ray-tracing results are represented at 50% scale in Fig
®Model No. OS-8459 Teacher’s Guide 47Part 2: Typical results.y-intercept = 1/f = 0.0977 cm-1x-intercept = 1/f = 0.103 cm-1Answers to questions: 1. Th
®Beginning Optics System Teacher’s Guide 48Experiment 11: TelescopeTypical results:Answers to questions: 1. The image is inverted. 2. It is a virtual
®Model No. OS-8459 Teacher’s Guide 49tual image, viewed through the eyepiece lens, coincides with the virtual image of the grid pattern viewed throug
®Model No. OS-8459 About the Experiments 54. Snell’s Law (page 13): Determine the index of refraction of acrylic by measuring angles of incidence and
®Beginning Optics System Teacher’s Guide 50
®Model No. OS-8459 Technical Support 51Technical SupportFor assistance with any PASCO product, contact PASCO at:Limited WarrantyFor a description of
®Beginning Optics System About the Experiments 6
®Model No. OS-8459 Experiment 1: Color Addition7Experiment 1: Color AdditionPurpose In Part 1 of this experiment, you will discover the results of mi
®Beginning Optics System Experiment 1: Color Addition8Part 2: Observing Colored Ink Under Colored LightProcedure1. While you look away, have your part
®Model No. OS-8459 Experiment 2: Prism9Experiment 2: PrismPurpose The purpose of this experiment is to show how a prism separates white light into it
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